杨浦区675号图片:谁再帮我翻译一下这段?

来源:百度文库 编辑:高校问答 时间:2024/05/02 08:09:04
The competitive nature of the computer industry and the use of faster, more cost-effective computing continue the drive toward faster CPUs. The minimum transistor size that can be manufactured using current technology is fast approaching the theoretical limit. In the standard technique for microprocessor design, ultraviolet (short wavelength) light is used to expose a light-sensitive covering on the silicon chip. Various methods are then used to etch the base material along the pattern created by the light. These etchings form the paths that electricity follows in the chip. The theoretical limit for transistor size using this type of manufacturing process is approximately equal to the wavelength of the light used to expose the light-sensitive covering. By using light of shorter wavelength, greater detail can be achieved and smaller transistors can be manufactured, resulting in faster, more powerful CPUs. Printing integrated circuits with X-rays, which have a much shorter wavelength than ultraviolet light, may provide further reductions in transistor size that will translate to improvements in CPU speed.

Many other avenues of research are being pursued in an attempt to make faster CPUs. New base materials for integrated circuits, such as composite layers of gallium arsenide and gallium aluminum arsenide, may contribute to faster chips. Alternatives to the standard transistor-based model of the CPU are also being considered. Experimental ideas in computing may radically change the design of computers and the concept of the CPU in the future. These ideas include quantum computing, in which single atoms hold bits of information; molecular computing, where certain types of problems may be solved using recombinant DNA techniques; and neural networks, which are computer systems with the ability to learn.
liangnba:请您不要用自动翻译工具!
LFRmy:???

计算机工业的竞争和用户的激增,使得更多的成本继续投入到更高速的cpu上。目前人造超微晶体管的制作技术几乎已经达到理论最小值。在微处理器的工业设计标准上,紫外线(短波)被用作光敏器件在硅芯片上蚀刻线路。这种技术能形成一个通路使得电流沿着其方向流动,晶体管的理论最小尺寸在这种制作工艺下近似地等同于被用着印刷电路板的光波的波长。通过使用短波,能够更多的进行细微操作并且制作出更小的晶体管,更进一步的结果就是,更高能的cpu、使用比紫外线波长更短的x射线来蚀刻更复杂的电路板,可能会进一步减少晶体管的体积来提高cpu的速度。
为了提高cpu的速度尝试了许多不同的研究方法。新的电路板的基础材料,比如砷化镓、镓铝砷等合成物,可能会有更大的功效。另外一种基于cpu标准的薄膜晶体管的方案也曾经被考虑过。未来在计算机方面的实验可能会呼吁改变计算机的设计和cpu的概念。这些思想包括量子计算机,即单个原子携带bit信息;分子计算机,即某类问题可能是用重组dna技术来解决的;神经网络,即具有学习能力的计算机系统。

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The competitive nature of the computer industry and the use of faster, more cost-effective computing continue the drive toward faster CPUs. The minimum transistor size that can be manufactured using current technology is fast approaching the theoretical limit. In the standard technique for microprocessor design, ultraviolet (short wavelength) light is used to expose a light-sensitive covering on the silicon chip. Various methods are then used to etch the base material along the pattern created by the light. These etchings form the paths that electricity follows in the chip. The theoretical limit for transistor size using this type of manufacturing process is approximately equal to the wavelength of the light used to expose the light-sensitive covering. By using light of shorter wavelength, greater detail can be achieved and smaller transistors can be manufactured, resulting in faster, more powerful CPUs. Printing integrated circuits with X-rays, which have a much shorter wavelength than ultraviolet light, may provide further reductions in transistor size that will translate to improvements in CPU speed.

Many other avenues of research are being pursued in an attempt to make faster CPUs. New base materials for integrated circuits, such as composite layers of gallium arsenide and gallium aluminum arsenide, may contribute to faster chips. Alternatives to the standard transistor-based model of the CPU are also being considered. Experimental ideas in computing may radically change the design of computers and the concept of the CPU in the future. These ideas include quantum computing, in which single atoms hold bits of information; molecular computing, where certain types of problems may be solved using recombinant DNA techniques; and neural networks, which are computer systems with the ability to learn罗!

计算机业的竞争性质和比较快速又比较有成本效益计算机的使用继续向较快速的处理器的驾车。 最小的电晶体能被制造使用现在的技术大小正在快速地接近理论上的界限。 在标准的技术中对于微处理器设计,紫外线的 ( 短波长) 光用来暴露在矽薄片上的一个光- 敏感的复盖。 各种不同的方法然后用来沿着被光产生的式样蚀刻恶劣的材料。 这些蚀刻版画形成路径电在薄片中跟随。为使用制造业程序的这一个类型的电晶体大小的理论上的界限大约相等用来暴露光- 敏感的复盖光波长。 藉由使用较短波长的光,较棒的细节能被达成,而且较小的电晶体能被制造,造成比较快速又比较有力的处理器。 和有一个非常短波长胜于紫外线的光 X光的印刷集成电路可能提供将会对处理器速度的进步翻译的电晶体大小的较进一步的减少。

许多其他研究的大街正在被追求试图制造较快速的处理器。 为像含有种种要素数层的金家砷化物和金家铝砷化物这样的集成电路的新基础材料,可能成为较快速的薯条因素。 处理器的标准以电晶体为基础模型的替代品也正在被考虑。 计算机的实验主意可能根本地未来改变计算机的设计而且改变处理器的观念。 这些主意包括单一原子举行一点点的数据分配量计算机; 分子的计算机,在特定类型的问题可能被解决使用 recombinant DNA 技术的地方; 而且神经的网络, 是有能力的计算机系统学习