口袋妖怪 蓝蟾蜍:小妹请大侠帮忙翻译

来源:百度文库 编辑:高校问答 时间:2024/05/10 08:04:11
固定化微生物细胞能进行正常生长,繁殖和新陈代谢,利用固定化细胞可以如同游离细胞那样发酵生产各种代谢物,因此被用于各种胞外产物的生产。而且由于固定化过程简单,机械强度高,抗微生物分解,沉淀分离性好,寿命长等优点而具有广泛的应用前景。以海藻酸钠为包埋材料对醋酸杆菌进行固定化具有比较成熟的研究。
实验中对三种醋酸菌:沪酿1.01,醋酸杆菌ZW1-3和醋酸杆菌1.01发酵产酸进行了研究,对三种菌的产酸情况进行了比较。采用海藻酸钠包埋法进行固定化,对固定化的条件进行了优化研究,对影响固定化质量的几个因素(海藻酸钠浓度,氯化钙浓度,菌液与海藻酸钠之比)进行正交实验,得出最佳固定化条件。并且对固定化细胞发酵和游离细胞发酵进行了比较。
首先对菌种进行筛选用NaOH滴定法测醋酸含量(0.1mol/LNaOH溶液),菌体浓度用浊度法测定,紫外分光光度计,61Onm,取产酸多,生长快的菌株,培养条件30℃,180r/min。选出的菌种做固定化优化实验,固定化方法流程图如下:
制备凝珠过程中,影响胶珠质量的主要因素有:海藻酸钠浓度,含菌液添加量,CaCl2浓度。因此,对上述三因素做三水平正交实验。得出正交实验最佳条件。首先进行单因子试验保持氯化钙浓度,海藻酸钠浓度,菌液与海藻酸钠比中两个因素不变,改变其中一种的浓度或用量。实验后观察胶珠的大小,硬度等得出比较适合的三个用量作为三水平。然后,列出三因素三水平的因素水平表,再根据因素水平表列出三因素三水平的正交表,然后进行实验,从成球性,表面强度,硬度方面打分(参见表一)。得出最佳固定化条件。
由于正交实验完全依靠感官捏,掐,搓来评分,因此在硬度差别不大的情况下存在着评分的较大误差。为了巩固正交的结果而对正交实验的各组进行了连续的发酵培养,观察固定化小球的使用寿命。
最后,在最佳固定化条件下制得的固定化细胞与游离细胞进行单批发酵比较,根据得出的产酸量,发酵周期,培养基中菌体浓度等方面的差异分析固定化发酵相对于游离细胞发酵的优点及缺点。
论文中主要着重于固定化最佳条件的确定及与游离细胞发酵的比较,其主要研究有以下几点:
Ⅰ、对所得到的三种菌种:醋酸杆菌1.01,醋酸杆菌ZW1-3及沪酿1.01,进行筛选比较,发现醋酸杆菌1.01的产酸量最高生长快,是理想的发酵菌种。
Ⅱ、对海藻酸钠,氯化钙和菌液添加量进行单因子试验,确定了实验中的三因素和三水平为:海藻酸钠2.0% ,2.5% ,3.0%菌液:海藻酸钠比20:100 ,30:100 ,40:100 CaCl2浓度1.5% ,2.0% ,2.5%。对三因素三水平进行正交实验,确定了固定化的最佳条件为:氯化钙1.5% ,海藻酸钠3.0% ,菌液:海藻酸钠比30:100ml,由于感官能力的差异,在实验中对正交实验的9个样进行了培养,发现氯化钙1.5% ,海藻酸钠3.0% ,菌液:海藻酸钠比30:100ml的配比在培养中使用寿命最长,结果与感官判断一致。
Ⅲ、固定化最佳条件发酵和游离细胞发酵的比较发现:
1、游离细胞发酵最初产酸较快,而固定化细胞发酵则相对较慢。但72小时时固定化的产酸量已经大于游离细胞发酵的产酸量,并持续保持优势。
2、固定化细胞发酵的发酵液中菌体随着单批发酵时间的增加而增加,但又小于游离细胞发酵的菌体浓度。这原因是固定化细胞制得后无法洗净小球表面的菌体而游离在培养基中的细胞不断繁殖使培养基内的菌体增加。

关键词 固定化;醋酸杆菌;海藻酸钠;包埋法

The fixed microorganism cell can carry on the normal growth, the reproduction and the metabolism, may be similar to using the immobilized cell drifts away the cell such fermentation to produce each kind of metabolite, therefore uses in outside each kind of butcher the product production. Moreover because fixed process simple, mechanical strength high, the anti- microorganism decomposes, precipitation separation good, the life is long and so on the merit has the widespread application prospect. Carries on fixedly take the sea alginic acid sodium as the embedding material to the acetic acid bacillus has the quite mature research □

  In experiment to three kind of acetic acid fungi: Shanghai ferments 1 _ 1, acetic acid bacillus ZW1-3 and the acetic acid pole □_ 1 fermentation produced the acid to conduct the research, produced the sour situation to three kind of fungi to carry on the comparison. Uses the sea alginic acid sodium embedding law to carry on fixedly, has conducted the optimized research to the fixed condition, to affects the fixed quality several factors (sea alginic acid sodium density, calcium chloride density, 菌液 ratio of with the sea alginic acid sodium) carries on the orthogonal experiment, obtains the best fixed condition. And fermented to the immobilized cell and drifts away the cell fermentation to carry on the comparison □first to carry on to the mold mushroom spawn sieves selects the NaOH titrimetric method to measure the acetic acid content _ 1mol/LNaOH solution), the mycelium density with the turbidity law determination, the ultraviolet spectrophotometer, 61Onm, took produces the acid to be many, grows the quick strain, raised the strip to imitate 0 ℃, 180r/min. Selects the mold mushroom spawn does the fixed optimized experiment, fixed method flow chart following _
  The preparation congeals in the bead process, affects the rubber bead quality the primary factor to include: The sea alginic acid sodium density, contains 菌液 the recruitment, the CaCl2 density. Therefore, does three horizontal orthogonals experiments to the above three factors. Obtains the orthogonal experiment optimum condition. First carries on the single factorial experiment maintenance calcium chloride density, the sea alginic acid sodium density, 菌液 is more invariable than with the sea alginic acid sodium the center two factors, changes one kind of density or the amount used. After the experiment observes the rubber bead the size, degree of hardness and so on obtains the quite suitable three amounts used to take three levels. Then, lists three factors three levels factors 水平表, again 水平表 lists three factors three levels orthogonal tables according to the factor, then carries on the experiment, from Cheng Qiuxing, the surface strength, degree of hardness aspect hits the minute (to see also table one). Obtains the best fixed condition □
  Because the orthogonal experiment completely depends upon the sense organ to pinch, pinches, rubs the hands grades, therefore has a bigger error in the degree of hardness difference not big situation which grades. But has carried on the continual fermentation raise for the consolidated orthogonal result to orthogonal experiment each group, the observation fixed pellet service life □finally, the system results in the immobilized cell under the best fixed condition with to drift away the cell to carry on the single batch of fermentation to compare, according to obtains produces the sour quantity, the fermentation cycle, in the culture medium aspect the and so on mycelium density variance analysis fixed fermentation is opposite to drifts away in the merit and the shortcoming □paper which the cell ferments mainly emphatically to the fixed optimum condition determination and with drifts away the comparison which the cell ferments, its main research has following several _ I, to three kind of mold mushroom spawns which obtained arrives: The acetic acid bacillus 1.01, acetic acid bacillus ZW1-3 and Shanghai ferment 01, carries on the screening comparison, discovered acetic acid bacillus 1.01 produces the sour quantity high to grow quickly, is the ideal fermentation mold mushroom spawn □
  IITH, to the sea alginic acid sodium, the calcium chloride and 菌液 the recruitment carries on the single factorial experiment, had determined in the experimental three factors and three levels are: Sea alginic acid sodium 2.0% _ 5% _ 0% 菌液: The sea alginic acid sodium compares 20 _ 00 _ 0 _ 00 _ 0 _ 00 CaCl2 density 1.5% _ 0% _ 5%. Carries on the orthogonal experiment to three factors three levels, had determined the fixed optimum condition is: Calcium chloride 1.5%, sea alginic acid coin 0%, 菌液: Sea alginic acid sodium □0 _ 00ml, as a result of the sense organ ability difference, has carried on the raise in the experiment to an orthogonal experiment dish type, the discovery chlorination coin 5%, sea alginic acid coin 0%, 菌液: Sea alginic acid sodium □0 _ 00ml allocated proportion in raise service life longest, the result is consistent with the sense organ judgement □
  IIITH, the fixed optimum condition ferments and drifts away the comparison which the cell ferments to discover that, 1st, drifts away the cell to ferment the most first birth acid quickly, but the immobilized cell ferments then relative is slower. When 72 hours is fixed produced the sour quantity already to be bigger than drifts away the cell to ferment produces the sour quantity, and continued in the fermentation fluid which maintained one's supremacy or lead □2, the immobilized cell ferments the mycelium along with the single batch of fermentation time increase to increase, but was smaller than drifts away the mycelium density which the cell fermented. After this reason is the immobilized cell system is unable to clean the pellet surface the mycelium to drift away in the culture medium cell unceasingly to reproduce makes in the culture medium the mycelium to increase □the key to shift fixedly; Acetic acid bacillus; Sea alginic acid sodium; Embedding 泮