张裕馆藏干红:翻译～汉译英

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On space and position:a glimpse of cultural differences between China and America

Americans have a strong sense of space, but vaguer sense of position. The first thing you do when stepping into an outer suburb house of an American would be, I'm afraid, coming up to the scenery-admiring window. How surprising it is that in the first customary commonplace you sigh your appreciation of a beautiful scene out of the window. And the host would certainly feel proud of his taste that deserves your praise. The distant horizon out of a window, which does not merely mean the border between the sky and the earth, is more like a symbol of future. Americans would never stay rooted in a single place, no matter how beautiful it may be, for
their eyes are always fixed upon the broad space expanding in front of their feet towards the horizon——their destined future.

Let us constract it with traditional Chinese family. Enclosing walls stand all the way round the courtyard. Bebind the walls is another yard, at the corner of which may lie an exquisitely small garden. Once entering this private territory, you would be surrounded in a tranquil and harmonious aura of beauty. Houses, verandas,
rockeries and potted landscapes, everything is neatly designed. But you can never see the outside scenery. Without any wide open sight, the only change we could notice in these courtyards is the alternation of seasons. And the only wide open sight is that piece of blue sky on top of our heads. Chinese always stay rooted in their own lands. When they have to move, it is not because of the eagerness to pursue the hopeful merry land, but for the sake of another dreamland originated from their
religious beliefs.

The strong attachment to lands is rooted in the minds of Chinese people who are unwilling to be a rolling stone. The Taoist masterpiece 'The Classic of the Virtue of the Tao' describes the ideal of peaceful and contented life like this: neighbouring countries are in sight, with the country sounds vaguely audible, while people of different countries make even no nodding acqaintance of each other for ever. In the pure abstract, Chinese farmers comparatively have higher status in society. The reason not only lies in their engagement in the
food-producing "root" industry, but, to some further extent, lies in their natural
differences from unscrupulous merchants. They sentimentally clings to their lands despite facing calamities, and would never desert and betray their own country.

Nostalgic theme can be found repeatedly in Chinese poetry. American readers would often feel surprised at the sad memories which appear in those poems with such a high frequency that they can't even bear it. To understand how deep the feeling rooted in their minds, we have to know that the eagerness to lead a peaceful and contented life derives from the long-period suffering from war, scattering of family and droughts and floods. Wandering about homeless makes them cherish all the more what they have lost. On the other hand, Americans move of their own accord in most cases. What they call homesickness is actually the missing of artless childhood never to return. While, at the same time, bright future is somewhere in the wide open distant space waving "hello" to them.

Space and position: Glimpse at cultural differences between China & U.S.A

Americans have strong place senses, whereas location one is poor. When step into an American home at county, the first thing you would do should be step toward the window. It's so uncommonable for the first words you appreciate of the home is the beautiful scences OUTSIDE it! And the house holder will aslo feel pride after hear your admired words. Horizon far from there are not only the boundary between the heaven and earth, but also the symbol of future. Americans would not dwelling in one place no matter how good is there, their sight always attracted by the overwhelming big places stretch along the horizon, that's the future of them.

As a contrary, let us take a look at the traditional Chinese home: There are one colored wall round close the dinning room, behind the wall, some houses appear, maybe there's a little elegant garden locate at the corner. Once entering this private space, you would be surrounded by a silent & harmonious atmosphere. Architectures, corridor, artifical hills and potted landscapes, all of them show out a kind of beieveable sequence. However, you can not see far scences: there are not open field before you eyes, the interaction of the change of the nature is just the turn of seasons, the only open field is the sky upon you. Chinese are always footed in their own earth. When they had to leave, they are not expect a paradise places along the horizons, but another world beyond his illusions of religion.

Chinese have very deep love for earth, moving around are not love by them. "Morality JING" of Dao Doctrines have specifice the ideal of wonderful living status like that: Countries side by side, the noises made by house animals can hear around, and no interuption between the neighbours. If only talk from the point of theories, the positions of Chinese peasents is very high. The reason for that is not merely for they are majoring at the "foot" industry of making foods, and more important thing is lays at that they are different from the greedy businessman, they love their earth, and wouldn't betray his country even faces dangers situations.
怀旧是在中国诗歌中反复出现的主题。美国读者在阅读中国诗歌的译著时往往会惊诧于诗中频繁出现的哀悼故土的感伤之情，有时甚至会对此感到厌烦。要想了解这样的情感到底有多深，我们就必须知道中国人对于稳定和安居的渴望是由于他们长期受到战乱、离散和水旱灾害的威胁。流离失所使他们更加珍视失去的东西。与此恰恰相反的是，在大多数情况下，美国人搬家是出于自愿。他们对故土的怀念实际上只是对那一去不复返的童年时光的留恋：与此同时，未来正在远方的广阔空间里向他们招手呢
Memorizing the old times is the all-time fashioned topic within the Chinese poetry. When American readers read the tranlation works of Chinese poetries, they are always wondered that there are so much place in the poem to express the loomy and sad feelings towards the hometown,and even being annoyed for that. In order to know how deep is the feelings come, we sould know that Chinese eager to safe dwelling and live for they are tormented by wars,seperating from keen members and the natural disatrous for a lone time. No place to live made them care for the losing things. On the countrary, Americans are moving the live site all by their own will. The longings of them for the hometown are only the memories of the childrood, and at the same time, the future are waiting along at the vast positions.

(水平有限，仅供参考）

人工翻译
On space and position:a glimpse of cultural differences between China and America

Americans have a strong sense of space, but vaguer sense of position. The first thing you do when stepping into an outer suburb house of an American would be, I'm afraid, coming up to the scenery-admiring window. How surprising it is that in the first customary commonplace you sigh your appreciation of a beautiful scene out of the window. And the host would certainly feel proud of his taste that deserves your praise. The distant horizon out of a window, which does not merely mean the border between the sky and the earth, is more like a symbol of future. Americans would never stay rooted in a single place, no matter how beautiful it may be, for
their eyes are always fixed upon the broad space expanding in front of their feet towards the horizon——their destined future.

Let us constract it with traditional Chinese family. Enclosing walls stand all the way round the courtyard. Bebind the walls is another yard, at the corner of which may lie an exquisitely small garden. Once entering this private territory, you would be surrounded in a tranquil and harmonious aura of beauty. Houses, verandas,
rockeries and potted landscapes, everything is neatly designed. But you can never see the outside scenery. Without any wide open sight, the only change we could notice in these courtyards is the alternation of seasons. And the only wide open sight is that piece of blue sky on top of our heads. Chinese always stay rooted in their own lands. When they have to move, it is not because of the eagerness to pursue the hopeful merry land, but for the sake of another dreamland originated from their
religious beliefs.

The strong attachment to lands is rooted in the minds of Chinese people who are unwilling to be a rolling stone. The Taoist masterpiece 'The Classic of the Virtue of the Tao' describes the ideal of peaceful and contented life like this: neighbouring countries are in sight, with the country sounds vaguely audible, while people of different countries make even no nodding acqaintance of each other for ever. In the pure abstract, Chinese farmers comparatively have higher status in society. The reason not only lies in their engagement in the
food-producing "root" industry, but, to some further extent, lies in their natural
differences from unscrupulous merchants. They sentimentally clings to their lands despite facing calamities, and would never desert and betray their own country.

Nostalgic theme can be found repeatedly in Chinese poetry. American readers would often feel surprised at the sad memories which appear in those poems with such a high frequency that they can't even bear it. To understand how deep the feeling rooted in their minds, we have to know that the eagerness to lead a peaceful and contented life derives from the long-period suffering from war, scattering of family and droughts and floods. Wandering about homeless makes them cherish all the more what they have lost. On the other hand, Americans move of their own accord in most cases. What they call homesickness is actually the missing of artless childhood never to return. While, at the same time, bright future is somewhere in the wide open distant space waving "hello" to them.

Space and location : Sino-US cultural differences glimpse Americans strong concept of space and location concepts weaker. Entering households living in the outskirts of the American people, the first thing you do is probably the King approached her window. More strange ..., entered the home owner said it was the first sentence of praise praised how beautiful scenery outside! And the master will be for you to appreciate his vision and felt happy. Distant horizon is the line space is a symbol of the future. Americans will not take long in one place, no matter where and how the US : his eyes were always attracted large room for extending toward the horizon, where he is the future. In contrast, let us look at the traditional Chinese family : the uniformly around the courtyard wall, after wall is a courtyard, where there may be a delicate corner of the garden. Once a piece of private lands, you will be surrounded by the beauty of a quiet harmony, construction, arrangement, hills, and bonsai, then everything orderly. But you do not see very scenic : immediate no open space, nature in the courtyard of the season merely reflect changes in the broader Department is here only the blue sky over his head. Chinese people always rooted in their own land. When he had to leave when it is not in the horizon of hope paradise, but by his religious fantasy distillation of another world. Chinese people have a deep attachment to the land, not for the Four Seas Chinese people are glad to drift. Taoist classic "Morality as" so how can the ideal : neighbours across, as neighbors, China to live, not to associate with each other. Purely Theoretically, the higher the social status of Chinese peasants. The reason is not only that they are engaged in the production of food is "root" industries, but also because they thought businessmen with different conditions of their own land, even in the face of distress, nor betraying their own country. Chinese poetry is in nostalgia recurring theme. American readers in the reading Chinese poetry books often comes in the poem frequency condolences to their sad feelings, sometimes feel tired. To understand how such deep feelings, we must know that Chinese people are yearning for the stability and peace because they are long-term war, separation and the threat of flood and drought. Displaced so that they lose more value things. Contrary to the fact that in most cases, the Americans removal is voluntary. They miss their native land only to the fact that gone forever childhood moments of nostalgia : At the same time, the future is bright and broad space to them waved in it.

偶用翻译机的

The American's space idea is very strong, but the position idea is weaker.Walk into an American family who lives in the outskirts, you do of the first matter is perhaps a dynasty view the window walk.Have another oddness ah, the first praise words walked into host's home to say but is praise how outdoor scenery is beauty!And the host will also appreciate his taste but feel more the happy for you.The horizon of far-away place not is only the boundary of world only, but also is a future symbol.The American can't be long-last in a place firm next, ignore there have much beautiful:His vision head quarter is stretched toward the vast space of the horizon draw on, there am his future.

Compare under, let we to see a traditional Chinese family:Surrounding the courtyard is uniformly of fence, the fence would is a courtyard behind, turning a horny place will have a cleverly made garden perhaps.Once getting into this private territory, you the meeting was harmonized by a kind of quiet 谧 of the United States surround, construct, swim a gallery, rockery, flower arrangement, everythings are all so well arranged to have a preface.But, you could not see the scenery of distance:There is in the moment no spacious space, the great universe is an only seasonal variety in the reflection in the courtyard, here the blue sky which is a top of head of the only one spacious place.The Chinese always plant a root in own land.When he have to leave of time, that also not for the sake of the paradise of[with] hope of the horizon, but is sublimated another world of by his religious imagination.

The Chinese have to love dearly deeply to the land, the four seas drifts on water not to is pleased for Chinese.Religion of Taoism classic 《morals through 》in this describes in peace and contentment ideal:The neighboring country hopes mutually, the voice of chicken dog smells mutually, the people goes to die of old age, having no dealings with each other.I am pure to come up from the theories

The American's space idea is very strong, but the position idea is weaker.Walk into a the first matter for living the United States somebody else in outskirts, you doing to is a dynasty view window to walk perhaps.Many oddness ah, walk into host home say the first however the words of laudation is how scenery to speak well of outworker is beauty!And host also will enjoy his taste for you but feel more happy.The horizon of the far-away place not only is the boundary of the world only, also future symbol.The American can't be long-last in a place firm next root come, ignore there have many beautiful:The total meeting in his vision were stretched toward an attraction of the horizon, is just his future there.

Compare under, let we to see traditional Chinese family:The fence that surrounding the courtyard is uniformly, after the fence just a courtyard, the horny place in拐 there will be a cleverly made garden perhaps.Once enter this piece of private territories, you the meeting was surrounded by the beautiful of a kind of 静谧 diapason, construct, visitting the 廊 , rockery, flower arrangement, everything is a well arranged having the preface all and so.But, you can not see the scenery of the distant place:It is at present to have no any spacious space, the great universe is a seasonal variety only in the reflecting of courtyard, here only one spacious a blue sky for is top of head.The Chinese always plants a root in own land.When he have to leave, that too not for the sake of the paradise of the hope of the horizon, but from his religion the another world that imagination sublimate.

The Chinese has got the profound loving dearly to the land, the four seas drifts on water not is pleased for Chinese.The religion of Taoism classic 《 morals describes the in peace and contentment ideal like this through the 》 inside:The neighboring country hopes mutually, the voice of the chicken dog smells mutually, people to die of old age, have no dealings with each other.It is pure to come up to say from the theories, thin 摺 in唤 in匚 in岬 in缁 in纳 in Chinese farmer> section 湓?颍?唤鲈谟谒?谴邮碌氖巧??甘 car 摹 case ? generation ? a ??谟谒?怯胛ɡ?峭嫉纳 if the roughly drought in bottom in橄 in Joe in? in? in? in煌 in瞬 bears the 恋 the 兀 the ? the phrase the 姑 the 媪 the 傥 the D the 眩 the ? the 膊 changes the 岜 supports the roughly dry last home in炎 does the ? shake?

The bosom old is in Chinese verse again and again the topic that appear.The reader of the United States is in read Chinese verse translate 著 hour would usually surprised 诧 in poem the feeling of the grief of the banister home country of the multifarious emergence, sometimes even will feel bored to this.To want to understand such emotion to have after all many deep, we need to know the Chinese suffer stability with nestle of anxiety for is because they very much the war disorderly, long-lost with dry disastrous threat in water.Force to leave home and wander about to make they more Jean sees the lost thing.With this exactly the opposite of is, under the majority the circumstance, it is voluntary that American move out.They just think of the in reality to the home country to that on going to the childhood time that do not reply returns to reluctant to part with:At the same time, beckon with the hand to them in afar vast space in future.