川の流れのように 歌词:请帮我翻译一段外文

As well as stresses due to the economics of providing care for a disabled child (Dobson & Middleton, 1998), and the time demands any medical or therapeutic interventions may make on the family, potential sources of stress for families caring for and bringing up a disabled child can include strained family relationships, social isolation due to the child’s limited mobility or behaviour problems, and the parental grieving process through which parents grieve for the loss of the healthy child they had expected (McCubbin, Cauble, & Patterson, 1982).
Many families,however, cope very well with having a disabled child and recent studies, rather than adopting a pathological approach that assumes having a disabled child is a source of stress for the family, have instead examined how parents experience their child’s disability, which aspects of it are more likely to be stressful for them, and the different ways in which families cope.
It may be that psychosocial implications of the impairment rather than factors related to the impairment itself are more significant for maternal adjustment and family well-being. This may explain Wallander and Varni’s (1998) finding that neither the nature of the child’s impairment (whether motor, speech, hearing or cognitive), nor its severity, was associated with maternal adjustment. This study focuses on psychosocial factors in impairment and disability by considering how behaviour problems in disabled children may be experienced differently in different families.
The nature, extent and treatment of behaviour problems in disabled children is discussed, and the potential importance of psychological factors, in particular cognitive appraisal, in how families cope with disability is identified. The study then goes on to examine cognitive appraisal within an ecological context by arguing that negative societal beliefs about disability impact on families’ beliefs about disability and so in¯uence how they engage with their disabled children in their role as parents.
It proposes a psychosocial model that hypothesizes how these societal values might contribute to reported child behaviour problems and management difficulties, and suggests that where this is the case, families may benefit from professional support to help them reappraise unhelpful beliefs in order to promote the well-being of the child and family.