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Fourth, in general, firms identify and assess more sites than regions. Over half of Townroc’s sample branch plants considered more than seven sites, for example, and only five considered just one, while all seven of Hayter’s pulp and paper firms considered at least two sites and in one case over 30were identified. Both studies report, however, that typically only three to five sites were evaluated in any detail so that many site options were eliminated by an initial screening process. At this geographic scale at least, most firms in these two studies did not strictly conform with satisfying behavior in the sense of identifying sites in a sequential manner and choosing the first, ‘satisfactory’ alternative as a limited amount of comparative analysis was performed. Other surveys, it might be noted, have concluded firms behaved in choosing sites more along the predicted satisfying lines. At the regional level, probably the same mixed range of behavior occurs, while in some cases opportunities are regionally specific and the choice facing the firm is either to go ahead or not.
For firms, ‘locational choice’ potentially implies several decisions made at different geographic scales. Implicitly at least, all location decisions involve choices about countries, regions, towns, communities and sites. In practice, some of these choices may simply be taken for granted and not given any formal consideration by firms. Moreover, what decision-makers mean by ‘community’, ‘metropolitan’, ‘regional’ and ‘national’ is likely to vary and should not be assumed to coincide with conventional geographic definitions. Decision-makers among firms in the same locality may associate different boundaries (and mental maps) with the idea of any geographically defined region. In practice, locational surveys themselves vary in how geographic scale is interpreted, particularly with respect to region. Given this caveat, several studies have never-thinking by decision-makers about location factors varies during the decision-making process, and as scale varies so does the relative importance of location factors. One such study is provided by Townroe’s survey of British firms.
While firms in this study apparently did not contemplate any location outside Britain, or at least were not asked if they did so, they were asked to identify location factors at four other scales, namely region, town, site and building. In this study, the principal factors governing the selection of a region relate to government regional policy, labour relations, markets and strategic communications, which refers to the general transportation and communications remain important. The characteristics of labor that are thought important at the region scale, however, are different than those considered at the national scale.